Ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lokuphuculwa komzi-mveliso kunye nokufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini, amanzi amdaka aphambili sele eyingxaki enkulu yokusingqongileyo. Amanzi oxinzelelo aphezulu awanale inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, izinto ezinolwazi, izinyithi ezinzima kunye nezinye izinto eziyingozi, kunye nokugxininisa kokuyilwa kwendawo yokuhamba kwamanzi amdaka aqhelekileyo. Ke ngoko, unyango oluphezulu lwamanzi amdaka kwaye lukhuphe lula.
1. Inkcazo kunye neempawu zamanzi amdaka agqwesileyo
Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwamanzi amdaka, idla ngokubhekisa kumanzi amdaka aqukethe ugxininiso lwezinto eziphilayo, amatyum anetyhefu, enetyhefu kunye nengozi. Umxholo wokuphumelela kumanzi amdaka angaphezulu kwamanzi amdaka aphambili kwaye kunzima ukunyanga. Inokuqulatha iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokungcola, ezinjengezinto eziphilayo, izinyithi ezinzima, kunye nezinto zerediyo. Abanye babangcolisekileyo banokuba nefuthe lezixhobo zokuyifaka kwimicroorganisms, echaphazela isiphumo sendalo, kwaye kunzima ukususwa ziindlela eziqhelekileyo zokunyanga.
I-2. Iimeko zokuveliswa kwamanzi aphezulu
Imveliso yemichiza: Amanzi amdaka aveliswa ngexesha lokuveliswa kweekhemikhali kuhlala kuqulathe izixa ezinkulu zezinto eziphilayo, izinyithi ezinzima kunye nabanye abangcolisayo.
Ishishini lamachiza: Amanzi amdaka amayeza ahlala equlethe ugxininiso oluphezulu lwezinto eziphilayo, ii-antibiotics, njl., Kwaye kunzima ukunyanga.
Ishishini leDystuff kunye namanzi amdaka aveliswayo kula mashishini ahlala enenani elikhulu lokuganga i-orgrafics kunye ne-chromatity.
Ukuhamba ngombane kunye ne-metallgergy: Inkqubo ye-electroplays kunye ne-metalliurgy iya kuvelisa amanzi amdaka anezinyithi ezinzima kunye nezinto eziyityhefu.
I-3. Itekhnoloji engundoqo yonyango oluhle kakhulu
Unyango oluphezulu lonyango, ihlala ngeendlela zomzimba okanye kwiikhemikhali zokususa amasuntswana amakhulu kumanzi amdaka, unqunyanyisiwe, njl., Ukudala iimeko zonyango olulandelayo. Uya kuba ngo-Fenton oxidation, i-ozone oxidation kunye nenye itekhnoloji ye-odhed, ngesizukulwane se-Oxidants eqinileyo kuya kuba nzima ukuthoba izinto eziphilayo. Imetabolism ye-microorganisms isetyenziselwa ukususa umba wezinto eziphilayo ukusuka kumanzi amdaka. Kumanzi amdaka amaninzi, ukudityaniswa kweenkqubo ezinjenge-Anaerobic kunye ne-aerobic kunokusetyenziswa ukuphucula unyango. Izinto ezincitshisiweyo kumanzi amdaka nazo zinokususwa ngeendlela zomzimba ngendlela ye-membrane yokwahlula-hlula-qukuhlela kunye ne-osmosis. Itekhnoloji yonyango lwentsimbi yentsimbi efana nokuchama iikhemikhali, i-ion yokutshintshiselana kunye ne-adsorption isetyenziselwa ukususa ii-ions zentsimbi ezinzima kumanzi amdaka.
Ke ngoko, kugxininiso oluphezulu lwesityalo sokuhlambela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi amdaka ahlangabezana nomgangatho, ukhetho olusengqiqweni lwenkqubo yonyango, uqiniseke kakhulu, ukuba uvandlakanyo lubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba kusetyenziswa iingxaki, thatha amanyathelo aphantsi ukuze uhlengahlengise.
Isityalo esiphakamileyo sonyango esiphezulu ngenxa yohlobo olukhethekileyo lomgangatho wamanzi, kuba ezo zixhobo zineemfuno zemfundo ezingqongqo, imfuneko yokuba neteknoloji yeemeko zemveliso, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziphezulu zonyango zamanzi amdaka ukuze zifezekise imigangatho yamanzi amdaka. Ukukhusela indalo esingqongileyo ngumzi-mveliso ophezulu weminyaka elishumi kumzi-mveliso wamanzi amdaka omhlaba, osekwe eJiangsu, ejonge kwilizwe liphela, ejongene phesheya, ngeqela elingqonge leTekhnoloji yoLawulo lweTekhnoloji.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: Jun-06-2024