Amanzi amdaka avela kwimisebenzi yezonyango ngumthombo okhethekileyo wongcoliseko kuba uqulethe iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentsholongwane, izinto ezinobuthi kunye neekhemikhali. Ukuba amanzi amdaka ezonyango akhutshwa ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle konyango, kuya kubangela ingozi enkulu kwindalo, i-ecology kunye nempilo yabantu. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile kwiplanti yonyango lwelindle ukunyanga amanzi amdaka ezonyango.
Iingozi ezingundoqo zamanzi amdaka ezonyango zibonakaliswa ikakhulu kule miba ilandelayo:
1. Ungcoliseko lwePathogen: amanzi amdaka ezonyango aqulethe inani elikhulu leentsholongwane, ezifana neebhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, njl.
2. Ungcoliseko lwento eyityhefu: Amanzi amdaka ezonyango asenokuba neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziyityhefu, ezifana nesinyithi esinzima, iklorini, i-iodine, njl. njl., ezinokuba yingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo nakwimpilo yabantu.
3. Ungcoliseko lwe-radioactive: amanye amaziko ezonyango anokuvelisa amanzi amdaka anezinto ezinemitha ye-radioactive, ethi, ukuba ikhutshwe ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle konyango, iya kuba nefuthe elibi kwindalo kunye nempilo yabantu.
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuba amanzi amdaka ezonyango anokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhupha, kufuneka usebenzise izixhobo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka. Ezi zixhobo kufuneka zihlangabezane nokukwazi ukususa i-pathogens ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba iintsholongwane ze-pathogenic ezifana neentsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, ii-parasites, njl. emanzini amdaka zisuswa ngokufanelekileyo. Izixhobo kufuneka zikwazi ukususa ngokufanelekileyo izinto ezinobuthi kumanzi amdaka, njengesinyithi esinzima, iklorini, iodine, njl.njl., Ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi amdaka awabi yingozi kwindalo kunye nempilo yabantu. Kumanzi amdaka ezonyango aqulethe izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukusasazeka kwemitha, izixhobo kufuneka zibe nomthamo wonyango ohambelanayo wokuqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezisebenza ngeradioactive kumanzi amdaka zikhutshwa ngokufanelekileyo okanye zincitshiswe kwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo. Isixhobo kufuneka sibe namandla okusebenza ngokuzinzile ukuqinisekisa unyango oluqhubekayo lwamanzi amdaka ixesha elide, ngelixa izinga lokungaphumeleli kufuneka ligcinwe kwinqanaba eliphantsi lokunciphisa iindleko zokugcina kunye nokulawula. Ixhotyiswe ngemisebenzi efana nokubeka iliso kude, ulawulo oluzenzekelayo kunye nokuxilongwa kweempazamo ezikrelekrele, ezilungele abaphathi ukuba babeke iliso kwaye basebenzise izixhobo ngexesha lokwenyani kunye nokuphucula ulawulo olusebenzayo.
Urhulumente uneemfuno ezihambelanayo ezinzima zezixhobo zokucoca amanzi amdaka zonyango, ezinje: ukuyila, ukwenziwa, ukufakela, ukugunyazisa kunye nezinye iinkqubo zezixhobo zonyango zokucoca amanzi amdaka kufuneka zihambelane nemigangatho yesizwe efanelekileyo kunye nezithethe zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nomgangatho izixhobo. Izixhobo zonyango zamanzi amdaka kufuneka ziqinisekiswe kwaye zivavanywe ngabasemagunyeni kuzwelonke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umphumo wonyango uhlangabezana nemigangatho kunye neemfuno zelizwe. Amaziko ezonyango kufuneka agcine kwaye avavanye rhoqo izixhobo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kunye nesiphumo sonyango lwezixhobo.
Ukukhetha izixhobo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka zonyango, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukuqala ekukhetheni umenzi, oqeqeshiweyo, onamava, owomeleleyo kunye nokukwazi ukukhonza umenzi ziimfuno ezisisiseko zokhetho, uKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo luphawu lweminyaka elishumi. umenzi kushishino lokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, kuba iimeko ezahlukeneyo zinobutyebi obunamava ekusebenzeni, itekhnoloji yezixhobo iphezulu, isiphumo silungile, ukusetyenziswa kokuqinisekiswa ngakumbi, ukudotshwa kweprojekthi kunamava ngakumbi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-14-2024