Ngenxa yophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwemizi-mveliso kunye nokukhula kwezixeko, amanzi amdaka anoxinzelelo olukhulu abe yingxaki enkulu yokusingqongileyo. Amanzi amdaka anoxinzelelo olukhulu awagcini nje ngokuba nenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, izinto ezingaphiliyo, iintsimbi ezinzima kunye nezinye izinto eziyingozi, kodwa noxinzelelo lwawo lungaphaya kwamandla oyilo kunye nonyango lwezixhobo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka eziqhelekileyo. Ke ngoko, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lonyango lwamanzi amdaka kunye nokukhutshwa okuqhelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu.
1. Inkcazo kunye neempawu zamanzi amdaka anoxinzelelo oluphezulu Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwamanzi amdaka, ludla ngokubhekisa kumanzi amdaka aqulethe uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwezinto eziphilayo, iintsimbi ezinzima, izinto ezinobuthi neziyingozi kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo. Umxholo wongcoliso emanzini amdaka udlula kakhulu amanzi amdaka ngokubanzi, kwaye kunzima ukuwunyanga. Usenokuba neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto ezingcolisayo, ezifana nezinto eziphilayo, iintsimbi ezinzima, izinto ezinemisebe, njl. Ezinye izinto ezingcolisayo zinokuba nefuthe lokuthintela iintsholongwane kwaye zichaphazele impembelelo yonyango lwebhayoloji, olunzima ukulususa ngeendlela zonyango lwebhayoloji eziqhelekileyo.
2. Imeko yokuveliswa kwamanzi amdaka anoxinzelelo oluphezulu Ukuveliswa kweekhemikhali: amanzi amdaka aveliswa ngexesha lokuveliswa kweekhemikhali adla ngokuba nenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, iintsimbi ezinzima kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo. Ishishini lamayeza: amanzi amdaka amachiza adla ngokuba nenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, ii-antibiotics, njl.njl., ekunzima ukuzinyanga. Ishishini ledayi kunye nelaphu: amanzi amdaka aveliswa zezi mveliso adla ngokuba nenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo ezinokubola kunye ne-chromaticity. Ukufakelwa kwee-electroplating kunye ne-metallurgy: Amanzi amdaka aqulethe iintsimbi ezinzima kunye nezinto ezinobuthi aveliswa ngexesha lokufakelwa kwee-electroplating kunye ne-metallurgy.
3. Itekhnoloji ephambili yezixhobo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka anoxinzelelo oluphezulu Izixhobo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka anoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokusebenzisa iindlela zomzimba okanye zeekhemikhali ukususa amasuntswana amakhulu, izinto ezixhonyiweyo emanzini amdaka, ukudala iimeko zonyango olulandelayo. Iya kusebenzisa netekhnoloji ye-oxidation ephucukileyo efana ne-Fenton oxidation, i-ozone oxidation, ngokuvelisa i-oxidant enamandla ukuguqula izinto eziphilayo ezingafunekiyo zibe zizinto ezibola lula. Sebenzisa isenzo se-metabolic see-microorganisms ukususa izinto eziphilayo emanzini amdaka. Kumanzi amdaka anoxinzelelo oluphezulu, iinkqubo ezidibeneyo ze-anaerobic kunye ne-aerobic zingasetyenziswa ukuphucula isiphumo sonyango. Izinto ze-tic emanzini amdaka zinokususwa ngeendlela ezibonakalayo ngokusebenzisa iiteknoloji zokwahlula i-membrane ezifana ne-ultrafiltration kunye ne-reverse osmosis. Ngokusebenzisa iikhemikhali, ukutshintshana kwee-ion, ukufunxa kunye nezinye itekhnoloji yonyango lwesinyithi esinzima, ezisetyenziselwa ukususa ii-ion zesinyithi esinzima emanzini amdaka. Ke ngoko, kwizixhobo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka anoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukungcola kufikelela kumgangatho, ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo inkqubo yonyango, ulawule ngokungqongqo inkqubo yonyango, uqinise unyango lwangaphambi konyango, ulungise iiparameter zokusebenza kunye nokufunyanwa nokuvavanywa rhoqo. Ukuba kufunyenwe iingxaki, thabatha amanyathelo okulungisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ngenxa yobuchule bomgangatho wamanzi ayo, unyango lwamanzi amdaka olunezinga eliphezulu luneemfuno zobugcisa ezingqongqo kwizixhobo. Kufuneka lube netekhnoloji yemveliso elungileyo, amava eprojekthi, kunye nengcamango yokulungisa amanyathelo kwiimeko zasekuhlaleni ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukungcola kwezixhobo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka olunezinga eliphezulu kuyahlangabezana nomgangatho. Ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo lweJiading ngumzi-mveliso ophezulu kushishino lonyango lwamanzi amdaka kangangeminyaka elishumi, olusekwe kwiphondo laseJiangsu, imitha yelanga kulo lonke ilizwe, ejongene namazwe aphesheya, ineqela eliqinileyo lokulawula umgangatho wetekhnoloji yemveliso.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-12-2024