Uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwezokhenketho luzise izihlwele ezinkulu kwiindawo ezintle, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, luzise uxinzelelo olukhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo yeendawo ezintle. Phakathi kwazo, ingxaki yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwindawo entle akupheleli nje ekuphuhlisweni okuzinzileyo kwendawo entle, kodwa kukwanxulumene nokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nempilo yabantu.
Okwangoku, amanzi amdaka avela kwiindawo ezintle kakhulu aquka ikakhulu iindawo ezine: eyokuqala, amanzi amdaka asekhaya: avela kwizindlu zangasese, kwiindawo zokutyela, kwiihotele nakwezinye iindawo ezintle, kuquka indle, umchamo, amanzi amdaka okuhlamba njalo njalo. Okwesibini, amanzi amdaka okuthengisa: avela kwiivenkile, kwiindawo zokutya nakwezinye iindawo zorhwebo ezikuloo ndawo intle, kuquka ukutya okulahliweyo, iziselo, amanzi amdaka okuhlamba, njl. Okwesithathu, amanzi amdaka aphuma emanzini emvula: ngexesha lemvula, ukungcola emhlabeni kuya kungena kwinkqubo yokukhupha amanzi ngamanzi emvula, kwenze amanzi amdaka aphuma emanzini emvula. Okwesine, amanzi amdaka aphuma emanzini: amanzi amdaka aphuma kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma okanye kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma kwiindawo ezintle aqulathe ubuninzi bezinto eziphilayo kunye nokungcola.
Ukungcola okuvela kwiindawo ezintle kuya kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwamanzi, okubangela ukudumba kwe-algal kunye nokonakalisa indawo ephilayo yezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini. Okwesibini, ukungcola kuya kuntywila emhlabeni kwaye kungcolise umhlaba, okuchaphazela ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nokuchuma komhlaba. Ukongeza, ukungcola kusenokuba neentsholongwane kunye nezinto eziyingozi, nto leyo ebeka impilo yoluntu esichengeni.
Ukuze kusonjululwe ingxaki yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwiindawo ezintle, singathatha amanyathelo aliqela. Okokuqala, ukuqonda nokuthobela imigaqo nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo yendawo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kuyahlangabezana neemfuno zomthetho. Okwesibini, misela inkqubo ebanzi yokuqokelelwa kwamanzi amdaka ukuze kuqokelelwe kwaye kuphathwe amanzi amdaka ngendlela efanayo. Kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukhuseleko kunye nococeko kwinkqubo yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, kwaye kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okukhusela afunekayo ukuze kuthintelwe iingozi kubasebenzi nakwindalo esingqongileyo. Okwesithathu, yamkela iteknoloji yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka efanelekileyo kwiimpawu zeendawo ezintle, njengonyango lwebhayoloji kunye nokwahlulwa kwe-membrane, njl.njl., ukucoca amanzi amdaka. Misela inkqubo yokubeka esweni kunye nokulawula ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, jonga rhoqo izalathisi zomgangatho wamanzi, kwaye uchonge kwaye usombulule iingxaki ngokukhawuleza. Ukongeza, yomeleza imfundo yokukhuselwa kwendalo kubakhenkethi, kwaye unikezele ngemfundo yokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokwazisa kubakhenkethi nakubasebenzi kwindawo entle, ukuze kuphakanyiswe ulwazi lomntu wonke ngokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nomuzwa woxanduva.
Iimveliso ze-sturgeon ezimhlophe ezikhusela indalo, umthamo wemihla ngemihla wokucoca amdaka we-0.5-100 tonnes, zilungele zonke iintlobo zeentaba, amahlathi, amathafa kunye nezinye iindawo ezintle ezisasazwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-15-2024